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Chapter3: Ethical and Legal Issues

1. The family of a critically ill patient whose care has been deemed futile has decided not to administer antibiotics or blood products. This decision is termed:

A do not resuscitate.
B extraordinary care.
C withdrawal.
D withholding.

2.The nurse is caring for a patient who is unresponsive, unable to communicate, and has no voluntary action or cognition. The condition is considered permanent. The term for this condition is:

A brain death.
B non–heart beating donor.
C persistent vegetative state.
D terminal condition.

3.A 33-year-old patient is admitted with closed head trauma following a motor vehicle crash. She has a signed organ donor card expressing her wish to become an organ donor. Brain death is established; however, her spouse refuses to sign consent for organ donation. Which ethical principle is being violated by her spouse?

A Autonomy
B Beneficence
C Justice
D Veracity

4.The nurse understands which statement regarding ethical care is true?

A A nurse should request a change in assignment if care of the assigned patient violates his/her ethical principles.
B A spouse is always the designated healthcare surrogate for a patient who is married.
C It would be unlawful to discontinue a vasopressor drip once a patient has been given a DNR order.
D Morphine should not be given to an end-stage cancer patient with extreme pain, respirations of 10 breaths per minute, and a DNR order.

5.The hospital has an ethics committee. The nurse knows that which statement about ethics committees is true?

A Its members consist only of physicians and nurses.
B It deals with generalities instead of specific issues.
C Its goal is to protect the hospital’s interests.
D It serves to educate and to develop guidelines.

6.An example of extraordinary care is:

A antibiotics.
B hemodialysis.
C hydration.
D nutrition.

7.
The critical care nurse must demonstrate characteristics of ethical nursing practice, which include: (Select all that apply)

A Collaboration
B Compassion
C Disclosure
D Trust

8.
Withdrawal or withholding of life support includes: (Select all that apply.)

A continuous renal replacement therapy.
B discontinuing comfort measures.
C do not resuscitate orders.
D stopping tube feedings.
E weaning from mechanical ventilation.

9.The nurse understands that elements of informed consent are: (Select all that apply.)

A Adequate instruction of the patient
B Patient family understanding of what is to be done (competence)
C Voluntary permission for what is to be done
D Written on a standardized form

10.
Ethical decisions should be based on: (Select all that apply.)

A the patient’s wishes and goals.
B burden versus benefit.
C relevant ethical principles.
potential outcomes of options.

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